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Speed Measuring Devices — Frequently Asked Questions
Why is a calibrated speed-measuring device required for elevator inspection?
EN 81-20 requires that the elevator operates within defined speed tolerances — typically ±5% of rated speed during normal operation — and that the overspeed governor trips within a defined speed band above rated speed. Verifying these parameters requires measurement accuracy that a standard handheld tachometer cannot reliably provide. Calibrated devices with traceable certificates ensure that the measured speed values are legally defensible in the inspection record and meet the requirements of notified inspection bodies.
What speed measurement methods are used for elevator rope speed?
The most common methods for measuring main hoist rope speed in elevators are: contact tachometers (a wheel pressed against the rope measures surface speed), non-contact optical sensors (laser or optical reflective sensors triggered by markers on the rope), and encoder-based systems reading pulses from a sheave-mounted encoder. Contact methods are simple and portable; encoder-based systems offer the highest accuracy and are preferred for governor trip-speed testing where tight tolerances must be verified.
What does EN 115-1 require regarding escalator speed measurement?
EN 115-1 §5.6.2 requires that the difference between step-band speed and handrail speed does not exceed 2% during normal operation. Measuring this deviation requires a step-speed sensor and a separate handrail-speed sensor used simultaneously. The measurement should be taken at both rated load and no-load conditions. Turkish suppliers on elevator.tr offer combined step-and-handrail speed deviation testers designed specifically for EN 115-1 compliance testing.
How should overspeed governor trip speed be verified?
Governor trip speed is typically tested by spinning the governor manually or via a dedicated governor test bench that accelerates the governor rope or sheave to the trip speed. A calibrated speed meter confirms the actual trip speed at the moment of governor engagement. The measured trip speed must fall within the EN 81-20 §9.9 band (minimum 115% of rated speed, maximum 140% for most applications). Results are recorded in the inspection report and the technical file, and are required by Turkish periodic inspection regulations.